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Watchtower January 27 through February 7

[For the opening song before the Public Talk, select the song number announced, on the 'Sing Out Joyfully' Page or click here]

Watchtower Study Article 47 [Press play below to hear the MP3 Watchtower audio]

Song 103 Shepherds. Gifts in Men. Based on Ephesians 4.8

1. Help in our lives, Jehovah provides,

Shepherds to tend his flock.

By their example they serve as guides,

Showing us how to walk.

God gives us men who have earned our trust,

Men who are loyal and true.

They show concern for his precious sheep;

Love them for all that they do.

2. Shepherds who love us care how we feel;

Gently they guide the way.

When we are hurt, they help us to heal,

Kind in the words they say.

God gives us men who have earned our trust,

Men who are loyal and true.

They show concern for his precious sheep;

Love them for all that they do.

3. Godly advice and counsel they give,

That we may never stray.

Thus they assist us, God’s way to live,

Serving him ev’ry day.

God gives us men who have earned our trust,

Men who are loyal and true.

They show concern for his precious sheep;

Love them for all that they do.

[End of Song. Press Play below to play this song with Audio Description]

Brothers. Are You Reaching Out to Serve as an Elder? (January 27 through February 2)

“If a man is reaching out to be an overseer, he is desirous of a fine work.” 1 Timothy 3.1.

[Box] Focus.

Some of the Scriptural requirements that a brother must meet in order to serve as an elder. [End of box]

Question 1 and 2. What does the “fine work” of an elder involve?

1. If you have been serving for a time as a ministerial servant, you may be well on your way to qualifying to serve as an elder. Can you reach out for that “fine work”?


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 3.1: This statement is trustworthy: If a man is reaching out to be an overseer, he is desirous of a fine work. [End Quotation]


2. What does the work of an elder involve? He takes the lead in preaching, works hard in shepherding and teaching, and builds up the congregation by word and example. For good reason, the Bible calls hardworking elders “gifts in men.”


[Quotation] Ephesians 4.8: For it says: “When he ascended on high he carried away captives; he gave gifts in men.” [End Quotation]

Question 3. How can a brother qualify to serve as an elder? (1 Timothy 3.1 through 7; Titus 1.5 through 9)

3. How can you qualify to serve as an elder? Qualifying as an elder is not the same as qualifying for a secular job. Often in the secular world, if you have the basic work skills that an employer is looking for, you can get the job. By contrast, if you wish to be appointed as an elder, you need more than preaching and teaching skills. You need to meet the Scriptural qualifications for elders listed at 1 Timothy 3.1 through 7 and Titus 1.5 through 9. (Read) This article will discuss what is required of elders in three key areas: gaining a fine reputation both inside and outside the congregation, setting a good example as a family head, and being willing to serve the congregation.


[Read scripture] 1 Timothy 3.1 through 7: This statement is trustworthy: If a man is reaching out to be an overseer, he is desirous of a fine work. 2 The overseer should therefore be irreprehensible, a husband of one wife, moderate in habits, sound in mind, orderly, hospitable, qualified to teach, 3 not a drunkard, not violent, but reasonable, not quarrelsome, not a lover of money, 4 a man presiding over his own household in a fine manner, having his children in subjection with all seriousness 5 (for if any man does not know how to preside over his own household, how will he care for the congregation of God?), 6 not a newly converted man, for fear that he might get puffed up with pride and fall into the judgment passed on the Devil. 7 Moreover, he should also have a fine testimony from outsiders so that he does not fall into reproach and a snare of the Devil. [End of Read scripture]


[Read scripture] Titus 1.5 through 9: I left you in Crete so that you would correct the things that were defective and make appointments of elders in city after city, as I instructed you: 6 if there is any man free from accusation, a husband of one wife, having believing children who are not accused of debauchery or rebelliousness. 7 For as God’s steward, an overseer must be free from accusation, not self-willed, not quick-tempered, not a drunkard, not violent, not greedy of dishonest gain, 8 but hospitable, a lover of goodness, sound in mind, righteous, loyal, self-controlled, 9 holding firmly to the faithful word as respects his art of teaching, so that he may be able both to encourage by the teaching that is wholesome and to reprove those who contradict. [End of Read scripture]

Gaining a Fine Reputation

Question 4. What does it mean to “be irreprehensible”?

4. To qualify as an elder, you must “be irreprehensible,” that is, have a good reputation in the congregation because your conduct is above reproach. In addition, you should have “a fine testimony from outsiders.” Unbelievers may criticize your Christian beliefs, but they should have no valid reason to question your honesty or conduct.


[Quotation] Daniel 6.4 and 5: At that time the high officials and the satraps were seeking to find some grounds for accusation against Daniel respecting matters of state, but they could find no grounds for accusation or anything corrupt, for he was trustworthy and no negligence or corruption could be found in him. 5 These men then said: “We will find in this Daniel no grounds for accusation at all, unless we find it against him in the law of his God.” [End Quotation]
Ask yourself, ‘Do I have a good reputation both inside and outside the congregation?’

Question 5. How can you show that you are “a lover of goodness”?

5. If you are “a lover of goodness,” you look for the good in others and commend them for their fine qualities. You are also happy to do good for others, even going beyond what is required.


[Quotation] 1 Thessalonians 2.8: So having tender affection for you, we were determined to impart to you, not only the good news of God but also our very selves, because you became so beloved to us. [End Quotation]


see “lover of goodness” study note on Titus 1.8) Why is this quality so important for elders? Because they use much of their valuable time to shepherd the congregation and care for assignments.


[Quotation] 1 Peter 5.1 through 3: Therefore, as a fellow elder, a witness of the sufferings of the Christ and a sharer of the glory that is to be revealed, I make this appeal to the elders among you: 2 Shepherd the flock of God under your care, serving as overseers, not under compulsion, but willingly before God; not for love of dishonest gain, but eagerly; 3 not lording it over those who are God’s inheritance, but becoming examples to the flock. [End Quotation]


Even so, the joy that comes from serving others far outweighs any sacrifice.


[Quotation] Acts 20.35: I have shown you in all things that by working hard in this way, you must assist those who are weak and must keep in mind the words of the Lord Jesus, when he himself said: ‘There is more happiness in giving than there is in receiving.’” [End Quotation]


[Inserted scripture] Titus 1.8: but hospitable, a lover of goodness, sound in mind, righteous, loyal, self-controlled, [End of inserted scripture]
[Study Note] a lover of goodness: Such a person loves all that Jehovah considers to be good. A lover of goodness sees, appreciates, and commends the good in others. He also delights in doing good for others, even going beyond what is required of him.


[Quotation] Matthew 20.4: and to those he said, ‘You too go into the vineyard, and I will give you whatever is fair.’ [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Matthew 20.13 through 15: But he said in reply to one of them, ‘Fellow, I do you no wrong. You agreed with me for a denarius, did you not? 14 Take what is yours and go. I want to give to this last one the same as to you. 15 Do I not have the right to do what I want with my own things? Or is your eye envious because I am good?’ [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Acts 9.36: Now there was in Joppa a disciple named Tabitha, which means, when translated, “Dorcas.” She abounded in good deeds and gifts of mercy that she was making. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 6.18: Tell them to work at good, to be rich in fine works, to be generous, ready to share, [End Quotation] [End of Study Note]

Question 6. What are some ways to be “hospitable”? (Hebrews 13.2 and 16; see also picture)

6. You demonstrate that you are “hospitable” when you do good things for others, including those outside your circle of close friends.


[Quotation] 1 Peter 4.9: Be hospitable to one another without grumbling. [End Quotation]


One reference work describes a hospitable man this way: “The door of his house, and of his heart, must be open to strangers.” Ask yourself, ‘What is my reputation when it comes to welcoming visitors?’ (Read Hebrews 13.2 and 16) A hospitable man shares what he can with visitors, including lowly ones of little means and hardworking servants, such as circuit overseers and visiting speakers.


[Quotation] Genesis 18.2 through 8: He looked up and saw three men standing some distance from him. When he saw them, he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them, and he bowed down to the ground. 3 Then he said: “Jehovah, if I have found favor in your eyes, please do not pass by your servant. 4 Please, let a little water be brought and have your feet washed; then recline under the tree. 5 Seeing that you have come here to your servant, let me bring a piece of bread so that you may refresh yourselves. Then you may go on your way.” At this they said: “All right. You may do as you have spoken.” 6 So Abraham hurried to the tent to Sarah and said: “Quick! Get three measures of fine flour, knead the dough, and make loaves of bread.” 7 Next Abraham ran to the herd and chose a tender and good young bull. He gave it to the attendant, who hurried to prepare it. 8 He then took butter and milk and the young bull that he had prepared and set the food before them. Then he stood by them under the tree as they were eating. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Proverbs 3.27: Do not withhold good from those to whom you should give it If it is within your power to help. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Luke 14.13 and 14: But when you spread a feast, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, the blind; 14 and you will be happy, because they have nothing with which to repay you. For you will be repaid in the resurrection of the righteous ones.” [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Acts 16.15: Now when she and her household got baptized, she urged us: “If you have considered me to be faithful to Jehovah, come and stay at my house.” And she just made us come. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Romans 12.13: Share with the holy ones according to their needs. Follow the course of hospitality. [End Quotation]


[Read scripture] Hebrews 13.2: Do not forget hospitality, for through it some unknowingly entertained angels. [End of Read scripture]


[Read scripture] Hebrews 13.16: Moreover, do not forget to do good and to share what you have with others, for God is well-pleased with such sacrifices. [End of Read scripture]

Image of A couple in their home showing a traveling overseer and his wife their guest room.

[Image Alt:] A couple in their home showing a traveling overseer and his wife their guest room. Caption: A hospitable Christian couple welcome a traveling overseer and his wife

Question 7. How does an elder show that he is “not a lover of money”?

7. “Not a lover of money.” This means that you are not focused on material things. Whether you are rich or poor, you put Kingdom interests first in all aspects of your life.


[Quotation] Matthew 6.33: “Keep on, then, seeking first the Kingdom and his righteousness, and all these other things will be added to you. [End Quotation]


You use your time, energy, and other resources to worship Jehovah, to care for your family, and to serve the congregation.


[Quotation] Matthew 6.24: “No one can slave for two masters; for either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will stick to the one and despise the other. You cannot slave for God and for Riches. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] 1 John 2.15 through 17: Do not love either the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him; 16 because everything in the world, the desire of the flesh and the desire of the eyes and the showy display of one’s means of life, does not originate with the Father, but originates with the world. 17 Furthermore, the world is passing away and so is its desire, but the one who does the will of God remains forever. [End Quotation]


Ask yourself: ‘How do I view money? Am I content with the necessary things? Or am I focused on making money and acquiring more material possessions?’


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 6.6: To be sure, there is great gain in godly devotion along with contentment. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 6.17 through 19: Instruct those who are rich in the present system of things not to be arrogant, and to place their hope, not on uncertain riches, but on God, who richly provides us with all the things we enjoy. 18 Tell them to work at good, to be rich in fine works, to be generous, ready to share, 19 safely treasuring up for themselves a fine foundation for the future, so that they may get a firm hold on the real life. [End Quotation]

Question 8. What are some ways you show that you are “moderate in habits” and “self-controlled”?

8. If you are “moderate in habits” and “self-controlled,” you are balanced in all areas of your life. This includes avoiding extremes in eating, drinking, dress and grooming, and recreation. You are not a slave to the trends of the world.


[Quotation] Luke 21.34: “But pay attention to yourselves that your hearts never become weighed down with overeating and heavy drinking and anxieties of life, and suddenly that day be instantly upon you [End Quotation]


[Quotation] James 4.4: Adulteresses, do you not know that friendship with the world is enmity with God? Whoever, therefore, wants to be a friend of the world is making himself an enemy of God. [End Quotation]


You are levelheaded, that is, you remain calm even when provoked. You are “not a drunkard”; nor do you have a reputation as a heavy drinker. Ask yourself, ‘Does the way I live show that I am moderate in habits and self-controlled?’

Question 9. What is involved in being “sound in mind” and “orderly”?

9. If you are “sound in mind,” you carefully evaluate matters based on Bible principles. You have thought deeply about these principles, and that has given you insight and understanding. You do not jump to conclusions. Instead, you make sure that you have all the necessary facts.


[Quotation] Proverbs 18.13: When anyone replies to a matter before he hears the facts, It is foolish and humiliating. [End Quotation]


As a result, you make balanced decisions that reflect Jehovah’s thinking. If you are “orderly,” you are organized and punctual. You are known for being reliable and for following direction. These qualities will contribute to your fine reputation. Let us now discuss how to meet the Scriptural qualifications in setting a good example as a family head.

Setting a Good Example as a Family Head

Question 10. How does a man preside “over his own household in a fine manner”?

10. If you are a husband and want to qualify as an elder, the reputation of your family will affect your qualifications. Thus, you need to be “presiding over [your] own household in a fine manner.” You need to have a reputation for being a loving and responsible family head. This includes taking the lead in all aspects of our worship. Why is this so important? The apostle Paul reasoned: “If any man does not know how to preside over his own household, how will he care for the congregation of God?”


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 3.5: (for if any man does not know how to preside over his own household, how will he care for the congregation of God?), [End Quotation]

Question 11 and 12. How does the conduct of a man’s family members affect his qualifications? (See also picture)

11. If you are a father, you must have your minor “children in subjection with all seriousness.” You need to teach and train them lovingly. Of course, like all children, they will enjoy laughing and playing. But because of your good training, they will be obedient, respectful, and well-behaved. Also, you must do your best to help your children to develop a good relationship with Jehovah, to live by Bible principles, and to progress to baptism.

12. “Having believing children who are not accused of debauchery or rebelliousness.” If a believing child in a household becomes guilty of committing a serious sin, how would that affect the father? If the father has been negligent in providing training and discipline, he would likely not qualify to serve as an elder. See the October 15, 1996, issue of The Watchtower, page 21, paragraphs 6 and 7.

[WatchTower, October 15, 1996, excerpt: page 21, paragraphs 6 and 7] The term “believing children” refers to youngsters who have already dedicated their lives to Jehovah and have been baptized or to young ones who are progressing toward dedication and baptism. The members of a congregation expect elders’ children to be generally well-behaved and obedient. It should be apparent that an elder is doing all that he can to build up faith in his children. King Solomon wrote: “Train up a boy according to the way for him; even when he grows old he will not turn aside from it.”

[Quotation] Proverbs 22.6: Train a boy in the way he should go; Even when he grows old he will not depart from it. [End Quotation]

But what if a youth who has received such training refuses to serve Jehovah or even commits a gross wrong? 7. It is evident that the above-quoted proverb is not stating a hard-and-fast rule. It does not annul the principle of free will.

[Quotation] Deuteronomy 30.15 and 16: “See, I do put before you today life and good, and death and bad. 16 If you listen to the commandments of Jehovah your God that I am commanding you today, by loving Jehovah your God, by walking in his ways, and by keeping his commandments and his statutes and his judicial decisions, then you will live and multiply, and Jehovah your God will bless you in the land you are going to possess. [End Quotation]

[Quotation] Deuteronomy 30.19: I take the heavens and the earth as witnesses against you today that I have put life and death before you, the blessing and the curse; and you must choose life so that you may live, you and your descendants, [End Quotation]

When a son or a daughter reaches the age of responsibility, he or she must make a personal decision with regard to dedication and baptism. If an elder has clearly given needed spiritual help, guidance, and discipline, yet the youth does not choose to serve Jehovah, the father is not automatically disqualified from serving as an overseer. On the other hand, if an elder has several minor children living at home who, one after the other, become spiritually sick and get into trouble, he might no longer be considered to be “a man presiding over his own household in a fine manner.”

[Quotation] 1 Timothy 3.4: a man presiding over his own household in a fine manner, having his children in subjection with all seriousness [End Quotation]

The point is, it should be manifest that an overseer is doing his best to have ‘believing children that are not under a charge of debauchery nor unruly.’ [End of WatchTower excerpt]

[Click to read]|[WatchTower, October 15, 1996, excerpt: page 21, paragraphs 6 and 7] The term “believing children” refers to youngsters who have already dedicated their lives to Jehovah and have been baptized or to young ones who are progressing toward dedication and baptism. The members of a congregation expect elders’ children to be generally well-behaved and obedient. It should be apparent that an elder is doing all that he can to build up faith in his children. King Solomon wrote: “Train up a boy according to the way for him; even when he grows old he will not turn aside from it.”

[Quotation] Proverbs 22.6: Train a boy in the way he should go; Even when he grows old he will not depart from it. [End Quotation]

But what if a youth who has received such training refuses to serve Jehovah or even commits a gross wrong? 7. It is evident that the above-quoted proverb is not stating a hard-and-fast rule. It does not annul the principle of free will.

[Quotation] Deuteronomy 30.15 and 16: “See, I do put before you today life and good, and death and bad. 16 If you listen to the commandments of Jehovah your God that I am commanding you today, by loving Jehovah your God, by walking in his ways, and by keeping his commandments and his statutes and his judicial decisions, then you will live and multiply, and Jehovah your God will bless you in the land you are going to possess. [End Quotation]

[Quotation] Deuteronomy 30.19: I take the heavens and the earth as witnesses against you today that I have put life and death before you, the blessing and the curse; and you must choose life so that you may live, you and your descendants, [End Quotation]

When a son or a daughter reaches the age of responsibility, he or she must make a personal decision with regard to dedication and baptism. If an elder has clearly given needed spiritual help, guidance, and discipline, yet the youth does not choose to serve Jehovah, the father is not automatically disqualified from serving as an overseer. On the other hand, if an elder has several minor children living at home who, one after the other, become spiritually sick and get into trouble, he might no longer be considered to be “a man presiding over his own household in a fine manner.”

[Quotation] 1 Timothy 3.4: a man presiding over his own household in a fine manner, having his children in subjection with all seriousness [End Quotation]

The point is, it should be manifest that an overseer is doing his best to have ‘believing children that are not under a charge of debauchery nor unruly.’ [End of WatchTower excerpt] [Click to close]

Image Collage: 1. A father conducts family worship with his wife and young children. They watch the video Become Jehovah’s Friend, Love Jehovah’s House on jw.org. 2. Later, the father along with his two sons help clean the Kingdom Hall. The father and one of the sons vacuum while the other son helps with dusting.

[Image Alt:] Collage: 1. A father conducts family worship with his wife and young children. They watch the video Become Jehovah’s Friend, Love Jehovah’s House on jw.org. 2. Later, the father along with his two sons help clean the Kingdom Hall. The father and one of the sons vacuum while the other son helps with dusting. Caption: Family heads train their children by involving them in different aspects of sacred service

Serving the Congregation

Question 13. How can you show that you are “reasonable,” “not self-willed”?

13. Brothers who manifest fine Christian qualities are an asset to the congregation. A “reasonable” man promotes peace. If you want to be known as being reasonable, listen to others and be open to their viewpoints. In a meeting, would you be willing to support the decision of the majority if no Bible law or principle is violated? “Not self-willed” means that you do not insist on doing things your way. You appreciate the value of many advisers.


[Quotation] Genesis 13.8 and 9: So Abram said to Lot: “Please, there should be no quarreling between me and you and between my herdsmen and your herdsmen, for we are brothers. 9 Is not the whole land available to you? Please, separate from me. If you go to the left, then I will go to the right; but if you go to the right, then I will go to the left.” [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Proverbs 15.22: Plans fail when there is no consultation, But there is accomplishment through many advisers. [End Quotation]


You are “not quarrelsome” or “quick-tempered.” Instead of being harsh or disagreeable, you are gentle and tactful. As a peaceable man, you take the initiative to make peace, even in tense situations.


[Quotation] James 3.17 and 18: But the wisdom from above is first of all pure, then peaceable, reasonable, ready to obey, full of mercy and good fruits, impartial, not hypocritical. 18 Moreover, the fruit of righteousness is sown in peaceful conditions for those who are making peace. [End Quotation]


Your kind words can soften the attitude of others, including that of opposers.


[Quotation] Judges 8.1 through 3: Then the men of Ephraim said to him: “What have you done to us? Why did you not call us when you went to fight against Midian?” And they quarreled bitterly with him. 2 But he said to them: “What have I done compared with you? Are not the gleanings of Ephraim better than the grape harvest of Abi-ezer? 3 It was into your hand that God gave Midian’s princes Oreb and Zeeb, and what have I done compared with you?” When he spoke this way, they calmed down. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Proverbs 20.3: It is honorable for a man to refrain from a dispute, But every fool will become embroiled in it. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Proverbs 25.15: By patience a commander is won over, And a gentle tongue can break a bone. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Matthew 5.23 and 24: “If, then, you are bringing your gift to the altar and there you remember that your brother has something against you, 24 leave your gift there in front of the altar, and go away. First make your peace with your brother, and then come back and offer your gift. [End Quotation]

Question 14. What is meant by “not ... newly converted” and “loyal”?

14. A brother who qualifies as an elder is “not a newly converted man.” Although you do not have to be baptized for many years, you do need time to become a mature Christian. Before you are appointed as an elder, you must demonstrate that, like Jesus, you are humble and are content to wait on Jehovah for any assignment.


[Quotation] Matthew 20.23: He said to them: “You will indeed drink my cup, but to sit down at my right hand and at my left is not mine to give, but it belongs to those for whom it has been prepared by my Father.” [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Philippians 2.5 through 8: Keep this mental attitude in you that was also in Christ Jesus, 6 who, although he was existing in God’s form, did not even consider the idea of trying to be equal to God. 7 No, but he emptied himself and took a slave’s form and became human. 8 More than that, when he came as a man, he humbled himself and became obedient to the point of death, yes, death on a torture stake. [End Quotation]


You can prove that you are “loyal” by sticking to Jehovah and his righteous standards and by following the direction given through his organization.


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 4.15: Ponder over these things; be absorbed in them, so that your advancement may be plainly seen by all people. [End Quotation]

Question 15. Must an elder be an excellent public speaker? Explain.

15. The Scriptures clearly state that overseers must be “qualified to teach.” Does this mean that you must be an excellent public speaker? No. Many well-qualified elders, though not the best public speakers, teach effectively in the ministry and on shepherding calls. (See “qualified to teach” study note on 1 Timothy 3.2; compare 1 Corinthians 12.28 and 29 and Ephesians 4.11)


[Quotation] 1 Corinthians 12.28 and 29: And God has assigned the respective ones in the congregation: first, apostles; second, prophets; third, teachers; then powerful works; then gifts of healings; helpful services; abilities to direct; different tongues. 29 Not all are apostles, are they? Not all are prophets, are they? Not all are teachers, are they? Not all perform powerful works, do they? [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Ephesians 4.11: And he gave some as apostles, some as prophets, some as evangelizers, some as shepherds and teachers, [End Quotation]


Even so, you do need to work constantly at improving your skills as a teacher. How can you become more effective?


[Inserted scripture] 1 Timothy 3.2: The overseer should therefore be irreprehensible, a husband of one wife, moderate in habits, sound in mind, orderly, hospitable, qualified to teach, [End of inserted scripture]


[Study Note] qualified to teach: An overseer should be a skillful teacher, able to convey Scriptural truths and moral principles to his fellow believers. In his letter to Titus, Paul says that an overseer needs to hold “firmly to the faithful word as respects his art of teaching” in order to encourage, exhort, and reprove.


[Quotation] Titus 1.5: I left you in Crete so that you would correct the things that were defective and make appointments of elders in city after city, as I instructed you: [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Titus 1.7: For as God’s steward, an overseer must be free from accusation, not self-willed, not quick-tempered, not a drunkard, not violent, not greedy of dishonest gain, [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Titus 1.9: holding firmly to the faithful word as respects his art of teaching, so that he may be able both to encourage by the teaching that is wholesome and to reprove those who contradict. [End Quotation]


Paul also uses the expression “qualified to teach” in his second letter to Timothy. There he says that “a slave of the Lord” needs to show self-control and instruct “with mildness those not favorably disposed.”


[Quotation] 2 Timothy 2.24 and 25: For a slave of the Lord does not need to fight, but needs to be gentle toward all, qualified to teach, showing restraint when wronged, 25 instructing with mildness those not favorably disposed. Perhaps God may give them repentance leading to an accurate knowledge of truth, [End Quotation]


So an overseer should be able to reason convincingly from the Scriptures, to give sound counsel, and to reach the hearts of his listeners. He needs to be a diligent student of God’s Word in order to teach others who themselves are students of the Bible. [End of Study Note]

Question 16. How can you become more effective as a teacher? (See also picture)

16. “Holding firmly to the faithful word.” To be more effective as a teacher, base your public teaching and private counsel on God’s Word. Be a good student of the Bible and of our publications.


[Quotation] Proverbs 15.28: The heart of the righteous one meditates before answering, But the mouth of the wicked blurts out bad things. [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Proverbs 16.23: The heart of the wise one gives his mouth insight And adds persuasiveness to his speech. [End Quotation]


see “holding firmly to the faithful word” study note on Titus 1.9) As you study, take careful note of the proper application of the Scriptures. And when teaching, try hard to reach the heart of those in your audience. You can improve as a teacher if you ask for and apply suggestions from experienced elders.


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 5.17: Let the elders who preside in a fine way be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who work hard in speaking and teaching. [End Quotation]


Elders need to be “able ... to encourage” their brothers and sisters; however, elders must at times counsel or even “reprove” them. In either case, elders must always be kind. If you are gentle and loving and you base your teaching on God’s Word, you will be effective because you will be imitating the Great Teacher, Jesus.


[Quotation] Matthew 11.28 through 30: Come to me, all you who are toiling and loaded down, and I will refresh you. 29 Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am mild-tempered and lowly in heart, and you will find refreshment for yourselves. 30 For my yoke is kindly, and my load is light.” [End Quotation]


[Quotation] 2 Timothy 2.24: For a slave of the Lord does not need to fight, but needs to be gentle toward all, qualified to teach, showing restraint when wronged, [End Quotation]


[Inserted scripture] Titus 1.9: holding firmly to the faithful word as respects his art of teaching, so that he may be able both to encourage by the teaching that is wholesome and to reprove those who contradict. [End of inserted scripture]


[Study Note] holding firmly to the faithful word: An elder would adhere to God’s word by the way he teaches and by the way he lives. When teaching before the congregation, he relies, not on his own ideas, experience, or abilities as a speaker, but on “the faithful word,” or “the trustworthy message,” contained in the Scriptures.


[Quotation] 1 Corinthians 4.6: Now, brothers, these things I have applied to myself and Apollos for your good, that through us you may learn the rule: “Do not go beyond the things that are written,” so that you may not be puffed up with pride, favoring one against the other. [End Quotation]


In this way, he reaches hearts and motivates his listeners to love and serve Jehovah.


[Quotation] Hebrews 4.12: For the word of God is alive and exerts power and is sharper than any two-edged sword and pierces even to the dividing of soul and spirit, and of joints from the marrow, and is able to discern thoughts and intentions of the heart. [End Quotation]


Further, by living according to the Scriptural principles he teaches, he avoids any taint of hypocrisy. An elder who holds to this standard helps the congregation remain unified, so that it serves as “a pillar and support of the truth.”


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 3.2: The overseer should therefore be irreprehensible, a husband of one wife, moderate in habits, sound in mind, orderly, hospitable, qualified to teach, [End Quotation]


[Quotation] 1 Timothy 3:15: but in case I am delayed, so that you may know how you ought to conduct yourself in God’s household, which is the congregation of the living God, a pillar and support of the truth. [End Quotation] [End of Study Note]

Image Collage: 1. A ministerial servant and an elder visit a sister at her home. Their Bibles are open as the ministerial servant speaks to her. 2. The ministerial servant practices his talk in front of a mirror.

[Image Alt:] Collage: 1. A ministerial servant and an elder visit a sister at her home. Their Bibles are open as the ministerial servant speaks to her. 2. The ministerial servant practices his talk in front of a mirror. Caption: A ministerial servant takes advantage of an opportunity to learn how to teach from the Bible while with an experienced elder. The ministerial servant also rehearses his congregation talk in front of a mirror

Continue Reaching Out

Two parts: Question 17a. What can help ministerial servants to continue reaching out?

Question 17b. What should elders keep in mind when evaluating brothers for appointment? (See the box “Be Modest When Evaluating Others.”)

17. After reviewing the qualifications to serve as elders, some ministerial servants might feel that they could never qualify. But remember that neither Jehovah nor his organization expects you to display these qualities perfectly.


[Quotation] 1 Peter 2.21: In fact, to this course you were called, because even Christ suffered for you, leaving a model for you to follow his steps closely. [End Quotation]


And it is Jehovah’s powerful spirit that helps you to develop these qualifications.


[Quotation] Philippians 2.13: For God is the one who for the sake of his good pleasure energizes you, giving you both the desire and the power to act. [End Quotation]


Is there a particular quality that you would like to improve on? Pray to Jehovah about it. Research the topic, and ask one of the elders for suggestions on how to improve.

[Box]

Be Modest When Evaluating Others. When reviewing the qualifications of others, the elders modestly keep in mind their own standing before Jehovah. As a result, they are not “overly righteous.”


[Quotation] Ecclesiastes 7.16: Do not be overly righteous, nor show yourself excessively wise. Why should you bring ruin to yourself? [End Quotation]


[Quotation] Romans 12.3: For through the undeserved kindness given to me, I tell everyone there among you not to think more of himself than it is necessary to think, but to think so as to have a sound mind, each one as God has given to him a measure of faith. [End Quotation]


Each elder knows that he himself does not meet the qualifications perfectly. Therefore, the elders prayerfully consider whether a brother measures up to the Scriptural qualifications to a reasonable degree. Allowing for human imperfection, the elders make their recommendations in a manner that shows due respect for Jehovah’s righteous standards and for the good of the congregation. [End of box]

Setting a Good Example as a Family Head

Question 18. What are all ministerial servants encouraged to do?

18. May all of us, including those already serving as elders, continue to cultivate the qualities discussed in this article.


[Quotation] Philippians 3.16: At any rate, to the extent we have made progress, let us go on walking orderly in this same course. [End Quotation]


Are you a ministerial servant? Reach out! Ask Jehovah to train and mold you to be even more useful in serving him and the congregation.


[Quotation] Isaiah 64.8: But now, O Jehovah, you are our Father. We are the clay, and you are our Potter; We are all the work of your hand. [End Quotation]


May Jehovah richly bless your efforts to qualify to serve as an elder.

[Box] What Do We Learn From ...

1 Timothy 3.1 through 7?

[Quotation] 1 Timothy 3.1 through 7: This statement is trustworthy: If a man is reaching out to be an overseer, he is desirous of a fine work. 2 The overseer should therefore be irreprehensible, a husband of one wife, moderate in habits, sound in mind, orderly, hospitable, qualified to teach, 3 not a drunkard, not violent, but reasonable, not quarrelsome, not a lover of money, 4 a man presiding over his own household in a fine manner, having his children in subjection with all seriousness 5 (for if any man does not know how to preside over his own household, how will he care for the congregation of God?), 6 not a newly converted man, for fear that he might get puffed up with pride and fall into the judgment passed on the Devil. 7 Moreover, he should also have a fine testimony from outsiders so that he does not fall into reproach and a snare of the Devil. [End Quotation]

Titus 1.5 through 9?

[Quotation] Titus 1.5 through 9: I left you in Crete so that you would correct the things that were defective and make appointments of elders in city after city, as I instructed you: 6 if there is any man free from accusation, a husband of one wife, having believing children who are not accused of debauchery or rebelliousness. 7 For as God’s steward, an overseer must be free from accusation, not self-willed, not quick-tempered, not a drunkard, not violent, not greedy of dishonest gain, 8 but hospitable, a lover of goodness, sound in mind, righteous, loyal, self-controlled, 9 holding firmly to the faithful word as respects his art of teaching, so that he may be able both to encourage by the teaching that is wholesome and to reprove those who contradict. [End Quotation]

Hebrews 13.2 and 16?

[Quotation] Hebrews 13.2: Do not forget hospitality, for through it some unknowingly entertained angels. [End Quotation]

[Quotation] Hebrews 13.16: Moreover, do not forget to do good and to share what you have with others, for God is well-pleased with such sacrifices. [End Quotation] [End of box]

Song 101 Working Together in Unity. Based on Ephesians 4.3

1. From a world divided and cold,

God has brought us into his fold.

Unity and peace we possess,

Bringing us happiness.

Unity we cherish;

Harmony is sweet.

In God’s work there’s much to be done.

He directs us now through his Son.

May we serve obediently,

Working in harmony.

2. As we pray to be of one mind,

Always tender, loving, and kind,

Love will grow and praise will increase,

Giving us joy and peace.

Peace is so refreshing,

Bringing such delight.

As we show true brotherly love,

God will grant us peace from above.

With his help, united we’ll be,

Serving him endlessly.

[End of Song. Press Play below to play this song with Audio Description]

Secondary Articles in The Watchtower (3 Articles)

Life Story. In War and in Peace, Jehovah Strengthened Us

[Click for article]|[Life Story. In War and in Peace, Jehovah Strengthened Us
As told by Paul and Anne Crudass]

Paul: We were so excited! It was November 1985, and we were on our way to our first missionary assignment, Liberia, West Africa. Our flight stopped in Senegal. “In just over an hour,” Anne said, “we will be in Liberia!” Then came an announcement: “Passengers for Liberia must get off the plane. A coup d’etat prevents our landing there.” For the next ten days, we stayed with missionaries in Senegal, listening to news from Liberia about truckloads of dead bodies and curfews that were strictly enforced, violators were shot.

Anne: We are not the kind who seek adventure. In fact, since infancy I have been known as Anxious Annie. I’m even nervous about crossing a road! But we were determined to get to our assignment.
Paul: Anne and I were born just eight kilometers (5 miles) apart in the west of England. We both started pioneering right after high school, greatly encouraged by my parents and Anne’s mother. They fully supported our desire to make a career of the full-time service. At the age of 19, I had the privilege of going to Bethel, and Anne joined me after our marriage in 1982.
Anne: We loved Bethel, but we had always wanted to serve where the need was greater. Working alongside former missionaries at Bethel strengthened that desire. We prayed specifically about this every night for three years, so we were thrilled when in 1985 we received an invitation to attend the 79th class of Gilead! We were assigned to Liberia, West Africa.

[Image:] Paul and Anne at their Gilead graduation.
Caption: Gilead graduation, September 8, 1985

Strengthened by the Love of Our Brothers and Sisters
Paul: We boarded the first flight allowed back into Liberia. The atmosphere was tense and curfews remained in place. A car that backfired was enough to cause mass panic in the marketplaces. To calm our nerves, we read portions of the Psalms together every night. But we truly loved our assignment. Anne was a missionary in the field, and I was in Bethel, working alongside John Charuk.* [Footnote] See John Charuk’s life story, “I Am Grateful to God and Christ,” in the March 15, 1973, issue of The Watchtower. [End of footnote] His experience as well as his understanding of the circumstances of our brothers and sisters helped to train me.
Anne: Why did we come to love Liberia so quickly? Because of our brothers and sisters. They were warm, outgoing, and faithful. We felt a bond with them; they became our new family. Their words of advice strengthened us spiritually. The ministry was a dream. Householders would be annoyed if you left them too soon! People discussed Scriptural questions on street corners. You could just walk up and join the conversation. We had so many Bible students that it was a challenge to study with them all. It was a wonderful problem!
Strengthened Despite Our Fears
Paul: In 1989 after four years of relative peace, there came a shocking change, outright civil war. Rebel troops captured the area around Bethel on July 2, 1990. For three months we lost all contact with the outside world, including our families and world headquarters. There was anarchy, food shortage, and rape. The troubles continued for 14 years and affected the entire country.
Anne: Members of some tribes were fighting and killing those in other tribes. Heavily armed fighters in bizarre clothing roamed the streets, looting every building. Some viewed killing humans, in their words, as “slaughtering chickens.” Bodies piled up at checkpoints, some near the branch. Faithful Witnesses were killed, including two of our dear missionaries.
Risking their lives, Witnesses hid others who belonged to the tribes that were being hunted and killed. Missionaries and Bethelites did likewise. At Bethel, some displaced Witnesses slept downstairs and others lived with us in our rooms upstairs. We shared our room with a family of seven.

[Image:] Brothers speaking to refugees at the Liberia Bethel.
Caption: Caring for refugees at Liberia Bethel, 1990

Paul: Each day, the fighters tried to get in to see whether we were hiding people. We had a four-person security system: two watched from a window while two went to the outer gate. If the two out by the gate kept their hands in front of them, all was well. But if they put their hands behind their back, it meant that the fighters were aggressive, so those watching from the window would quickly hide our friends.
Anne: After many weeks, one angry group of fighters forced their way in. I locked myself and a sister in a bathroom where we had a tiny hiding place inside a cupboard with a false bottom. The sister squeezed in there. The fighters had followed me upstairs, armed with their machine guns. They angrily banged on our door. Paul pleaded, “My wife is using the bathroom.” Replacing the false bottom was noisy and rearranging the shelf contents caused a suspicious delay, so I began to shake visibly from head to foot. How could I open that door? I said a silent prayer, begging Jehovah for help. I then unlocked the door and somehow calmly greeted them. Pushing past me, one of them went straight for the cabinet, opened it, and rummaged the shelves. He could not believe that he found nothing. He and his group then searched other rooms and the attic. But once again, they found nothing.

The Truth Kept Shining
Paul: For months we were desperately short of food. But spiritual food was our lifeline. Bethel morning worship was our only “breakfast,” and we all appreciated the inner strength it gave us.
If literal food and water had run out, forcing us and others to leave the branch, those hiding would likely have been executed. Sometimes the manner and timing of Jehovah’s provisions seemed miraculous. Jehovah cared for our needs and helped us to control our fears.
The darker the world became, the brighter the truth shone. Repeatedly, our brothers and sisters fled for their lives, but their faith and dignity stayed intact. Some said that their dealing with the war was “practice for the great tribulation.” Courageous elders and young brothers stepped up and took the lead. When displaced, the brothers and sisters stuck together, opening up new preaching territories and holding meetings in makeshift Kingdom Halls set up in the bush. Meetings were havens of encouragement in a sea of despair, and preaching helped the Witnesses to cope. When distributing relief aid, we were touched to receive requests for preaching bags rather than clothing. Sad and traumatized people listened to the good news. They were amazed at how happy and positive the Witnesses were; they shone like a light in all that darkness.

[Quotation] Matthew 5.14 through 16: “You are the light of the world. A city cannot be hid when located on a mountain. 15 People light a lamp and set it, not under a basket, but on the lampstand, and it shines on all those in the house. 16 Likewise, let your light shine before men, so that they may see your fine works and give glory to your Father who is in the heavens. [End Quotation]

The zeal within the brotherhood even led to some of the vicious fighters becoming our brothers.

Strengthened for Heartbreak
Paul: Sometimes we had to leave the country, three times briefly and twice for a whole year. One missionary sister summed up our feelings so well: “In Gilead, they taught us to put our heart into our assignment, and we did. So leaving our brothers in circumstances like these was like having our heart torn out!” Thankfully, we could assist the Liberia field from nearby countries.
Anne: In May 1996, four of us set off in the branch vehicle that was packed with important branch records. We wanted to drive 16 kilometers (10 miles) to a safer place across town. Right then our area was attacked. Angry fighters fired into the air, stopped us, pulled three of us out, and drove off in the vehicle with Paul still inside. We stood there dazed. Suddenly, Paul came walking through the crowd with blood dripping from his forehead. In the confusion, we thought he had been shot, but then we realized that if so, he would not be walking! One fighter had hit him when pushing him out of the vehicle. Thankfully, it was just a minor wound.
A military transport vehicle nearby was packed with frightened people. We clung to the outside of the vehicle with our fingertips. The driver set off at top speed, and we almost fell off. We begged him to stop, but he was too scared to listen. Somehow, we held on but arrived with nerves shaken and muscles trembling from the strain.
Paul: With nothing but the dirty, torn clothes on our back, we looked at each other and wondered how we were alive. We slept in an open field next to a rickety bullet-ridden helicopter, which took us to Sierra Leone the next day. We were grateful to be alive but deeply worried about our Christian brothers.

Strength for a New, Unexpected Challenge
Anne: On arrival at Bethel in Freetown, Sierra Leone, we were safe and well cared for. But I started having flashbacks. During the day, I was on high alert and afraid and my surroundings seemed blurry and unreal. At night, I would wake up in a cold sweat, trembling and feeling a sense of doom. It was difficult to breathe. Paul held me and prayed with me. We sang Kingdom songs until the shaking stopped. I felt that I was going crazy and could no longer serve as a missionary.
I will never forget what happened next. That very week we received two magazines. One was the Awake! of June 8, 1996. It contained the article “Coping With Panic Attacks.” Now I understood what was happening to me. The second was The Watchtower of May 15, 1996, which featured the article “Where Do They Get Their Strength?” The Watchtower had a picture of an injured butterfly. The article explained that just as a butterfly can continue feeding and flying despite having badly damaged wings, with Jehovah’s spirit we can continue to help others even if we have been emotionally hurt. This was strengthening food from Jehovah at precisely the right time.

[Quotation] Matthew 24.45: “Who really is the faithful and discreet slave whom his master appointed over his domestics, to give them their food at the proper time? [End Quotation]

Researching the subject and making a folder of articles that discuss this matter helped me. Over time, my symptoms of post-traumatic stress faded.

Strengthened to Adapt
Paul: Whenever we would return home to Liberia, we were so happy. By late 2004, we had been in our assignment for almost 20 years. The war had ended. There were plans for construction at the branch. But suddenly we were asked to accept a new assignment.

[Image:] Paul and Anne walking on the tarmac after arriving at the Liberia airport.
Caption: Joyfully returning to Liberia, 1997

This was a huge test. We were so close to our spiritual family, how would we cope? Having left our own dear families to go to Gilead, we had seen how putting ourselves in Jehovah’s hands would lead to blessings, so we accepted. Our assignment would take us to nearby Ghana.
Anne: We shed many tears as we left Liberia. We were surprised when Frank, a wise and elderly brother, told us: “You must forget about us!” Then he explained: “We know you will never forget us, but you must put your whole heart into your new assignment. It is from Jehovah, so focus on the brothers and sisters there.” This strengthened us for the challenge of starting again where few knew us and where we did not have history.
Paul: However, it did not take long to come to love our new spiritual family in Ghana. There were so many Witnesses there! We learned a lot from the stability and spiritual strength of our new friends. Then after serving in Ghana for 13 years, we received another surprise. We were asked to serve at the East Africa branch in Kenya. Although we deeply missed the friends in our previous assignments, we immediately felt a bond with faithful ones in Kenya. And we are still serving in a vast territory where the need is very great.

[Image:] Collage: 1. Anne smiling as she holds a young girl in her arms. 2. Paul and a few young brothers taking a selfie.
Caption: With new friends in the East Africa branch territory, 2023

Looking Back
Anne: Over the years, I experienced a lot of trembling and shaking. Dangerous or stressful situations can have both a physical and an emotional effect on us. We are not miraculously protected from this. If I hear the sounds of gunshots and artillery fire, I get a sick feeling in the pit of my stomach and my hands go numb. But I have learned to depend on all the help that Jehovah supplies to strengthen us, including the support of our brothers and sisters. And I have seen that by keeping to a steady spiritual routine, Jehovah can help us to stay in our assignment.
Paul: Some may ask, “Do you love your assignment?” Countries can be beautiful, but they can also become unstable and dangerous. So, what is it that we love more than the country? The precious brothers and sisters, our family. Despite differences in background, we truly have the same mind. We thought we were sent to encourage them, but the reality is that they have strengthened us.
Each time we move, we see a modern-day miracle: our brotherhood. As long as we are part of a congregation, we have a family and a home. We are certain that if we continue to rely on Jehovah, he will strengthen us according to our need.

[Quotation] Philippians 4.13: For all things I have the strength through the one who gives me power. [End Quotation] [Click to close]

Help to Study Regularly

[Click for article]|[Do you struggle to keep your personal Bible study both regular and enjoyable?]
We probably all do at times. But think about other things that we do regularly, such as bathing. Washing takes time and effort, but how refreshed we feel afterward! Bible study too can be like a refreshing “bath of water by means of the word.”

[Quotation] Ephesians 5.26: in order that he might sanctify it, cleansing it with the bath of water by means of the word, [End Quotation]

Consider some suggestions that can help:

Make a schedule. Personal Bible study is among “the more important things” a Christian must not neglect.

[Quotation] Philippians 1.10: that you may make sure of the more important things, so that you may be flawless and not stumbling others up to the day of Christ; [End Quotation]

To help you follow your schedule, why not display it where it is readily visible, such as on a noticeboard or the fridge door? Or you may find it helpful to set an alarm on your electronic device shortly before study time.
Adapt to your needs. Is it easier for you to concentrate for a longer period of time or for several shorter periods of time? You know your circumstances best. Adapt your study sessions accordingly. If you feel reluctant when study time arrives, why not decide to study for just ten minutes? By studying for even that short time, you will have accomplished more than you might have otherwise. And once you get started, you may well be motivated to continue.

[Quotation] Philippians 2.13: For God is the one who for the sake of his good pleasure energizes you, giving you both the desire and the power to act. [End Quotation]

Choose topics in advance. If you sit down and then wonder what to study, you may not be “making the best use of your time.”

[Quotation] Ephesians 5.16: making the best use of your time, because the days are wicked. [End Quotation]

Why not keep a list of the articles or topics you would like to study? Whenever a question comes to mind, jot it down. And at the end of each study session, you might add other ideas to your list of what you would like to study.
Be flexible. Try to include some flexibility in your schedule, such as the amount of time you spend studying or the topics you choose. What counts is, not when, how long, or what you study, but how regularly you study.

We truly benefit from a regular study routine. We draw closer to Jehovah, we learn to act wisely, and we feel refreshed.

[Quotation] Joshua 1.8: This book of the Law should not depart from your mouth, and you must read it in an undertone day and night, in order to observe carefully all that is written in it; for then your way will be successful and then you will act wisely. [End Quotation]

[Image:] A sister using a laptop computer, a Bible, and a notebook to do personal Bible study. She uses the chart “World Powers Foretold by Daniel” in Appendix B9 of the New World Translation. [Click to close]

Study Tip. Create a Good Environment

[Click for article]|[Would you like to get more out of your personal study?]

You could try these tips to have a learning-friendly environment:

Select a pleasant location. If possible, find an area that is uncluttered and appropriately lit. You could sit at a desk or a table, or you could choose a comfortable location outside.
Find privacy. Jesus chose to pray “early in the morning” in “an isolated place.”

[Quotation] Mark 1.35: Early in the morning, while it was still dark, he got up and went outside and left for an isolated place, and there he began praying. [End Quotation]

If complete privacy is not possible, you could let your family or your housemates know your study schedule and ask for their consideration.
Maintain focus. Avoid distractions. If you use your phone or tablet to study, silence the alerts or try using airplane mode in order to avoid interruptions. And if you think of something you need to do, make a brief note to handle it later. If your concentration falters, take a break to walk or stretch. [Click to close]

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